Arhiv 100 let - Oddelek za azijske študije

3. april 2019:

Jana S. Rošker

Teoretska izhodišča vzhodnoazijske modernizacije ter filozofski dialogi med Tajvanom in Japonsko: primerjava dialektičnega modela Nishide Kitaroja in Mou Zongsana

Nishida Kitaro in Mou Zongsan sodita med najpomembnejše vzhodnoazijske filozofe 20. stoletja. V svojih teorijah sta se med drugim ukvarjala z vprašanji vzhodnoazijske modernizacije in predvsem z njeno konceptualno zasnovo. Skupno jima je tudi iskanje novih paradigem s pomočjo dialoga med modernimi zahodnimi in tradicionalnimi vzhodnoazijskimi diskurzi. Predavanje bo osredotočeno na pomemben del teh diskurzov modernizacije, in sicer na teoretsko konceptualizacijo razvoja s pomočjo različnih modelov dialektike. Izhajajoč iz osvetlitve splošne problematike medkulturne primerjalne filozofije in ob upoštevanju specifike kulturne pogojenosti referenčnih okvirov njunih teorij bo predavateljica kritično analizirala modela dialektike, ki sta ju razvila omenjena teoretika. V tem kontekstu bo posebno pozornost posvetila razlikovanju med pojmoma nasprotja in protislovja, vprašanju dinamike pri načelu komplementarnosti in kontrastivni analizi pojmov odsotnosti, nebiti in niča.

Theoretical foundations of East Asian modernisation and the philosophical dialogues between Taiwan and Japan: a comparison between the dialectical models of Nishida Kitaro and Mou Zongsan.

Nishida Kitaro and Mou Zongsan belong to the most important East Asian philosophers of the 20th century. Based on the introduction of the most important characteristics of the specific referential frameworks defining East Asian philosophical theories, the lecture offers a contrasting analysis of their particular dialectical models. Despite the manifold differences between them, a comparison of these two models of “practical dialectics” is fruitful, for it points to an important method offered by new approaches rooted in the so-called philosophy of sublation. Although it does not lead to a genuine “unity of oppositions”, it points to the manifold possibilities of creating different models of dialectical thought as such. In this sense, it comprises a shift of perspective, based upon a sublation of previous modes of perception. Such alternations of horizons that go beyond the common views of the laws and paths of reasoning are always a valuable tool of philosophical thought, because they not only point to additional, different methods of perceiving and interpreting our complex reality, but also represent an indispensable precondition of any philosophical innovations.  

17. april 2019:

Nataša Vampelj Suhadolnik

Zbirateljska kultura in vzhodnoazijske zbirke v Sloveniji

Predavanje bo prvič sistematično predstavilo vzhodnoazijske zbirke v Sloveniji, ki se nahajajo v različnih slovenskih muzejih in drugih institucijah. Glede na trenuten popis, ki ga na Oddelku za azijske študije izvajamo od leta 2012, v slovenskih institucijah hranijo 13 različnih zbirk vzhodnoazijskega porekla. Zbirke in posamične predmete, ki bolj ali manj živijo »speče življenje« v depojih muzejev ter tako ostajajo neraziskani in javnosti neznani, so konec 19. in v začetku 20. stoletja na slovenska tla prinesli ali poslali popotniki, misijonarji, pomorščaki in drugi, ki jih je pot zanesla v Vzhodno Azijo.

Na predavanju bomo poleg predstavitve celotnega vzhodnoazijskega gradiva poskušali rekonstruirati medkulturne stike med slovenskim in vzhodnoazijskim prostorom, pri čemer bomo osvetlili tudi specifični položaj slovenskega prostora v zgodovini evroazijskih zbirateljskih povezav. Iz zgodovine nastajanja zbirk, kuriozitetnih, popotniških, misijonarskih, protokolarnih in drugih, lahko namreč razberemo tudi obrobni značaj slovenskega prostora glede na središče predkolonialnih, kolonialnih in postkolonialnih razmerij moči.

Collective culture and East Asian collections in Slovenia

The present lecture will introduce East Asian collections in Slovenia, which are scattered in various museums and academic institutions. According to the current identification, there are thirteen East Asian collections, which were brought or sent to Slovenia by travellers, missionaries, maritime traders and others who travelled to East Asia in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

With only a few minor exceptions, the vast majority of these objects are stored in museum depositories, where they continue to live their “dormant life”. Even though some of these collections and objects have been the subject of research in recent years, a comprehensive, in-depth study and analysis has yet to be undertaken. Therefore, in addition to the systematic introduction of the East Asian collection, the lecture will also highlight the specific position of the Slovene territory in the history of Euro-Asian cultural connections, and thus try to reconstruct intercultural contacts between Slovenia and East Asia.

8. maj 2019:

Andrej Bekeš

Pisave Vzhoda in Zahoda, kot jih vidi jezikoslovje

O kitajski pisavi in drugih pisavah, ki se uporabljajo v Vzhodni Aziji, kroži kup zmotnih predstav. Na predavanju pisave in delno pravopise predstavim z vidika temeljnih pojmov jezikoslovja, in sicer glede na povezavo znakov neke pisave z enotami jezika. Na sekundarni ravni pa obravnavam pravopisna pravila, kot zgled primerjam slovenščino in srbohrvaščino, ter pokažem, da obstajajo podobnosti med slovenskimi pravopisnimi pravili in nekaterimi lastnostmi kitajske pisave.

Writing in the East and West from the linguistic perspective

There are many misleading notions concerning writing in East Asia. In this lecture I introduce the main writing systems and orthographies from East Asia from the point of view of fundamental linguistic notions, namely the relation of the written signs of a writing system with linguistic units. At the secondary level, I touch on some orthographic rules. Comparing differences between Slovene and Serbo-Croat orthography I show that there are some affinities between certain orthographic rules in Slovene and certain properties of Chinese writing.

22. maj 2019:

Saša Istenič Kotar

Tajvan – med obeti in negotovostjo

Po sedmih desetletjih sobivanja ter intenzivni kulturni in gospodarski integraciji sta si vladi v Pekingu in Tajpeju tako daleč kot severni in južni tečaj. Medtem ko je za vlado v Pekingu Tajvan neodtujljiv del ozemlja Ljudske republike Kitajske (LRK), je za vlado Republike Kitajske (RK) Tajvan povsem neodvisna in suverena država. Tajvanci zavračajo kitajske težnje in režim komunistične partije ter se s ponosom opredeljujejo za Tajvance. Rastoč mednarodni vpliv LRK pa vidno zmanjšuje tajvanski manevrski prostor.

Taiwan: prospects and uncertainty

Dr Saša Istenič Kotar, Assistant Professor and Director of the Taiwan Study Center, Department of Asian Studies, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia

After seven decades of coexistence and intense cultural and economic integration, the governments in Beijing and Taipei are still as far away each other as the North and South Poles. While for the Beijing government, Taiwan is an inalienable part of the territory of the People’s Republic of China (PRC), the government of the Republic of China (ROC) regards Taiwan as a fully independent and sovereign state. The Taiwanese reject China’s aspirations and the regime of the Communist Party, and proudly identify themselves as Taiwanese. The PRC’s growing international influence, however, is visibly reducing Taiwan’s room to manoeuvre.

30. oktober 2019:

Klara Hrvatin

Umetniška gibanja, ki so oblikovala japonsko povojno umetnost

Čeprav so bila področja povojne japonske umetnosti in umetniških gibanj še pred desetletjem neraziskana, so na začetku 21. stoletja pritegnila pozornost številnih kustosov in umetniških kritikov. Predavanje bo ponudilo vpogled v heterogena umetniška stremljenja povojne japonske umetnosti, ki so vsaka na svoj način odražala družbene smernice takratnega časa. Obenem bo vodilo do razmisleka o njihovih vplivih na današnjo japonsko umetnost.

The art movements that shaped Japanese post-war art

The previously neglected fields of post-war Japanese art and art movements started to attract the attention of art critics and others at the beginning of the 21^st century. The presentation will give an insight into the heterogeneous artistic aspirations of Japanese post-war art, which reflected the social guidelines of the time. At the same time, it will reflect on their continuing influences on today's Japanese art.

6. november 2019:

Nataša Visočnik

Priseljevanje na Japonskem: pomanjkanje delovne sile in družbene spremembe

Japonska je ena izmed držav, kjer se prebivalstvo stara najhitreje, napovedi za prihodnost pa kažejo podoben trend. Posledično se število prebivalstva zmanjšuje, hkrati pa se povečuje pomanjkanje delovne sile, kar prinaša številne probleme. Kljub temu, da se Japonska s pomanjkanjem delovne sile srečuje že nekaj desetletij, te težave še vedno rešuje precej neuspešno, tako politika kot družba se odprtemu dialogu o rešitvah izogibata v velikem loku. Zaradi nekajdesetletnega prešibkega pritoka delovne sile in številnih neuspešnih poskusov ter posledično vedno večjega pritiska delovnega trga se je bila japonska vlada v letu 2018 prisiljena spopasti s težavo in zrahljati nepropustno emigracijsko politiko. V prispevku tako spoznamo ozadje japonske zaprtosti pred tujo delovno silo in najrazličnejše rešitve, ki jih je država poskušala uvesti v zadnjih nekaj desetletjih.

Immigration in Japan: labour shortages and social change

Japan has a population that is aging very rapidly, and forecasts show the same trend continuing. Consequently, the number of people is decreasing, while the issue of labour shortages is becoming ever more pressing, which brings many other problems to society. Despite the fact that Japan has faced these issues for several decades, it has not been able to deal with them successfully, and both  the political world and society in general avoids open discourse on possible solutions. However, in 2018 the Japanese government was finally forced to deal with labour shortages by loosening its strict immigration policy. This talk looks at the background of Japan’s longstanding rejection of a foreign workforce, and the various solutions that have been tried to address the issue of labour shortages over the last few decades.

20. november 2019:

Chikako Shigemori Bučar

Najstarejše japonske razglednice v Sloveniji

V okviru raziskave »Vzhodnoazijske zbirke v Sloveniji« smo v teh letih identificirali stare japonske razglednice, ki so danes arhivirane v različnih institucijah po Sloveniji (Shigemori Bučar 2016, 2017). Za razglednice, ki jih danes hranijo v NUK-u, pa trenutno ni nobenih dodatnih podatkov (kdo jih je kupil in nekatere poslal iz Vzhodne Azije, kdo in do kdaj jih je hranil in kdaj predal v arhiv NUK idr.). Sedem izmed 16 razglednic je bilo dejansko uporabljenih v korespondenci leta 1899. Med raziskovanjem v vzhodnoazijskem in avstro-ogrskem zgodovinskem kontekstu v zvezi z drugimi identificiranimi razglednicami in v sodelovanju s strokovnjaki japonologi za obdobje od konca 19. stoletja do prvih desetletij 20. stoletja (japonsko obdobje Meiji) počasi postaja jasno, kdo je bil uporabnik teh razglednic in v kakšnem kontekstu so bile uporabljene. Na predavanju bom predstavila zgodovino izmenjave med Vzhodno Azijo in Srednjo Evropo v »času razglednic«, s posebnim ozirom na Slovence, ki so poznali Vzhodno Azijo in delovali kot kulturni posredniki.

The oldest Japanese picture postcards in Slovenia

In the framework of our research “East Asian Collections in Slovenia”, many old Japanese postcards have been identified (Shigemori Bučar 2016, 2017).  They are archived in various institutions in the Republic of Slovenia. For the picture- postcards archived in the National and University Library (NUK) in Ljubljana, there remains no information available as to who the collectors and/or users of these postcards were, or brought or donated them to NUK, and when. Out of 16 Japanese postcards in this collection, seven were actually used and sent with messages from Japan to what is today Slovenia in the year 1899. During the research on other picture postcards archived in Slovenia, and in cooperation with specialists in Japanese Studies and the history of the modern era (the end of the 19^th and beginning of 20^th centuries; the Meiji period in Japan) in the context of East Asian and Austro-Hungarian exchanges, it has gradually become clear who the user of the postcards was and in what context. The talk will present the history of exchange between Central Europe and East Asia in the “era of picture postcards”, with a special focus on Slovene individuals who were familiar with East Asia and partly played the role of cultural mediators.

4. december 2019:

Luka Culiberg

Samuraji, konfucianisti, gentlemani: kako je Japonska postala moderna in pri tem iznašla tradicijo

»Izmišljena tradicija« je v družboslovju že obrabljen in pogosto vulgariziran koncept, kljub temu pa je izvirna Hobsbawmova in Rangerjeva formulacija ključna historiografska metoda, ki razumevanje preteklosti iz preprostega povzemanja virov prestavi na področje teorije in analize družbenih procesov, ki vselej vzpostavljajo pomen preteklosti za nazaj. Ob vprašanju japonske modernosti bomo na predavanju poskušali pojasniti mehanizme, ki so japonsko družbo v drugi polovici 19. stoletja v temelju preobrazili, pri čemer so morali v številnih primerih razumevanje preteklosti preoblikovati v izmišljeno tradicijo, ki je to preobrazbo interpretirala kot zgodovinsko kontinuiteto. Tipičen primer je tako imenovana »pot samurajev« ali bushido, ki je moderni ideološki proizvod, temelječ na domnevni samurajski etiki, prepleten s kitajsko konfucijansko miselnostjo in angleškim kavalirstvom.

Samurai, Confucianists, gentlemen: How Japan became modern while inventing its tradition

“Invented Tradition” is a notion that has been much used and often vulgarised in social studies. However, the original formulation by Hobsbawm and Ranger remains an important historiographical tool that enables an understanding of the past not just as a simple accumulation of sources but situates historiography in the field of theory and analysis of social processes, which always construct historical meaning ex post facto. When discussing the question of Japanese modernity, we will try to explain the mechanisms that transformed Japanese society in the second half of the 19^th century, often by reformulating the past into an invented tradition and by interpreting this tradition as an historical continuity. A typical case in point is the so-called “Way of the Samurai”, or bushido, which is basically a modern ideological invention based on the assumed samurai ethics, intertwined with Chinese Confucian thought and the idea of the English gentleman.

11. december 2019:

Maja Veselič

Transformacije tajvanskega in japonskega budizma skozi pomoč ob naravnih nesrečah

Predavanje obravnava razvoj družbeno angažiranega budizma na Tajvanu in Japonskem v zadnjih dveh desetletjih, in sicer na primeru sodelovanja budističnih organizacij pri pomoči in obnovi po naravnih in drugih nesrečah. Izsledki analize kažejo, kako so tovrstne dejavnosti privedle do redefinicije odnosa med religijo in državo v omenjenih družbah ter hkrati spodbudile nove premisleke o tem, kaj pomeni biti budist/prakticirati budizem v sodobnem svetu.

Transforming Buddhist organisations through disaster relief in Taiwan and Japan

This lecture will discuss the recent developments of socially engaged Buddhism in Taiwan and Japan through an examination of the activities of Buddhist organisations in disaster relief and recovery over the past two decades. Research findings show that such activities have resulted in the redefinition of the relationship between the state and religions in both societies, while also encouraging new reflections on what it means to be a Buddhist or to practice Buddhism in the contemporary world. 

8. januar 2020:

Kristina Hmeljak Sangawa

Kanbun kundoku – prevajanje ali branje? Netipična oblika prevajanja v japonski tradiciji

V zahodnih razpravah o prevodoslovju je pojem »prevoda« običajno omejen na prevodoslovne prakse zahodnih jezikovnih skupnosti, ki jih omejujejo norme in izrazne možnosti teh jezikov in njihovih pisav. Ko v slovenščini govorimo o prevodu, verjetno najprej pomislimo na pretvorbo pisnega besedila iz enega jezika v pisno besedilo kolikor mogoče enake vsebine in podobne oblike v drugem jeziku. V japonski književnosti lahko poleg take prototipične srečamo tudi (za nas) manj tipično obliko prevajanja: kanbun kundoku ali »razlagalno branje kitajskih besedil«, pri katerem bralec v japonščino sproti ustno ali miselno prevaja besedilo, zapisano v klasični kitajščini. Na predavanju bom predstavila kompleksen sistem oznak, ki bralcem omogoči čim bolj neposreden dostop do kitajskih klasičnih besedil in s katerim so v tako označeni klasični kitajščini pisali besedila, ki so bila že od začetka namenjena branju v japonščini oziroma sprotnemu prevajanju.

Kanbun kundoku - translating or reading? A less typical form of translation in Japanese tradition

The concept of “translation” in Western translation studies discourse is generally tied to the translation practices of Western linguistic communities, and thus limited by the norms and expressive possibilities of these languages and their writing systems. The first idea that comes to mind when we talk about “translation” is probably the transformation of a written text in one language into a written text in another, with both having as much as possible the same content and a similar form. The Japanese literary tradition includes such prototypical forms of translation, but also another, less familiar form: kanbun kundoku or “descriptive reading of Chinese texts”, in which the reader reads and simultaneously translates a text written in classical Chinese into a particular style of Japanese, in an oral or mental rendition. A complex system of annotation has been developed to help readers in this endeavour, to allow them direct access to classical Chinese texts, but also for Japanese speakers to write texts in classical Chinese with the intent of having them read in (i.e. simultaneously translated into) Japanese.

15. januar 2020:

Byoung Yoong KANG

Prosim, pazi na mamo s korejskimi dramami

Južna Koreja je znana kot država pretirane »izobraževalne vročice« in/ali »vzgojnega navdušenja«, kjer gredo ljudje že kot dojenčki, otroci in mladostniki skozi »peklenski« šolski sistem, samo zato, da bi bili sprejeti na najboljše univerze. Zaradi tega se v Južni Koreji spori med mlajšo in starejšo generacijo le še poglabljajo. Toda otroci in njihovi starši lahko zaradi rastoče korejske popularne industrije postanejo uspešni na drugačen način. S pomočjo umetniških dejavnosti in aktivnosti privržencev korejske popularne kulture lahko opazimo različna soočanja med otroki in starši. Avtor bo predstavil diskurz o »retro stilskih« nostalgičnih korejskih dramah v seriji Odgovori mi (응답하라), s pomočjo katere lahko vidimo zanimive povezave med nostalgičnim svetom privržencev popularne kulture, predstavljenim na zaslonu, in trenutnimi željami ter skrbmi, ki se izražajo v korejski popularni kulturi.

Please look after mum with K-dramas

South Korea is well known as a country of excessive “education fever” or/and “education enthusiasm”, where toddlers, children, and teenagers go through a “hellish” school system in order to win acceptance at top universities. Because of this, the conflicts between the younger and older generation have deepened in the country. But the growing K-pop culture industry open the possibility for some children and parents that success may be found through other avenues. We can thus find certain negotiations between children and parents over artistic pursuits, and fandom activities. The author will introduce the discourse around the “retro-style” nostalgia-laden K-dramas in the Answer Me (응답하라) series through which we can see interesting connections between the nostalgic pop fandom worlds presented on-screen, and current K-pop desires and anxieties.